Kurs om
Perl grundkurs

Course Introduction

What the course is about and how to get started.

Background

• Why Perl was created
• Larry Wall
• Historical significance and evolution of Perl as a programming language
• Version history
• Perl 5 vs. Perl 6
• Applications and domains where Perl is extensively used (e.g., web development, data processing, system administration)

Installation

• Various ways of installing Perl
• Installing using via a package manager
• Installing using via a downloaded bundle
• ActiveState Perl
• Strawberry Perl
• Install from the sources
• Setup and configuration of Perl environment on various platforms
• Official documentation of Perl and how to find what you're looking for

Perl Fundamentals

The most essential parts of the language to get started.

Basic Syntax

• Hello world in Perl
• Command-line invocation
• Perl type system
• Program structure

Scalar Types

• Variables
• Text strings
• String interpolation
• Integer and floating-point numbers
• Arithmetic operators
• Logical and relational operators

Composite Types

• List (a.k.a. array)
• Operators on lists
• Ranges & slices
• Table (a.k.a. hash)
• Operators on tables
• Scalar contra list contexts: its significance and utilization in Perl programming

Control Structures

• Blocks
• Scopes
• If statement
• If expressions
• Using unless
• While loop
• For loop
• Foreach loop
• Jumps
• Switch statement

Special Variables

• Understanding $_
• Command=line arguments @ARGV
• Environment variables %ENV
• Other special variables to know about

Subroutines

• Declaration syntax
• Call syntax
• Passing arguments
• Understanding @_
• Parameters via multi-assignment or shift
• Recursive functions

Perl Usage

How to write useful Perl programs. Discussion of the most commonly used built-in functions. Usage of regular expressions (regex). Basic I/O and file based I/O. Discussion of some core/bundled modules.

Working with Text Data

• Length
• Upper, lower, title case
• Substrings
• Reversing text
• Translating chars
• Splitting text
• Chop & chomp
• Formatted print & strings

Regex & Pattern Matching

• Regular expressions (regex) syntax, metacharacters, and quantifiers in Perl
• Special patterns
• Matching operators
• Extraction of sub-matches
• Substitution

Quote-like Operators

• String delimiters
• Interpolating and non-interpolating quote-like operators
• Understanding here-doc operator
• Word-list quote operator
• Pattern quote operator
• Command quote operator

Exceptions

• Understanding function eval
• Using function die
• Understanding undef and defined
• Writing a try-catch mimicking construct
• Understanding special variable $@
• Using modern try-catch-finally in Perl

Working with Numeric Data

• What is a number
• Integer vs. floating-point
• String vs. number operators in Perl
• Numerical literals
• Using a different number base (octal & hexadecimal)
• Inf and NaN
• Arbitrary precision numbers (bigint, bigfloat & bignum)
• Rational numbers (bigrat)

Working with List Data

• List operations and manipulations
• each, push & pop, unshift & shift
• join
• reverse
• grep & map
• Sorting a list

Working with Table Data

• Table operations and manipulations
• each
• exists & delete
• keys & values

Files & I/O

• Writing to stdout
• Reading from stdin
• Open a file for write or append
• Write to a file
• Open a file for read
• Read from a file
• Close a file
• Opening a file that do not exist
• File predicates used for testing
• Obtaining file meta-data, such as byte-size

Accessing Directories

• Open a directory file
• Listing directory entries
• Inspecting entry meta-data
• Flat scan contra recursive scan

Generating Reports

• Overview of the reporting capabilities in Perl
• Report format syntax
• Text fields
• Numeric fields
• Field width
• Fill chars
• Field justification
• Page header

Special Literals

• __FILE__ & __LINE__ & __SUB__
• __PACKAGE__
• __END__ & __DATA__

Perl Library

Overview of some useful core modules. Usage of cpan and installation of remote modules.

Pragmas

• What is a pragma
• use strict
• use warnings
• use diagnostics
• use version
• use english
• use Modern::Perl

Core Modules

• What is a module
• How to import a (core) module
• use lib

Usage of some Core Modules

• Various modules presented
• Scalar::Util
• List::Util
• Hash::Util
• Data::Dumper
• GetOpt
• Cwd
• File::Basename
• File::Find
• File::Path
• File::Spec
• JSON

CPAN

• What is a remote module
• What is CPAN
• Installation of the cpan client
• Browsing CPAN modules
• metacpan.org

Usage of some CPAN Modules

• Various modules presented
• DateTime
• HTTP::Request
• DBD::mysql

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